{"id":3600,"date":"2026-08-21T08:00:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T06:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/?p=3600"},"modified":"2026-08-21T08:00:07","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T06:00:07","slug":"muntenegru-ue-plateste-china-construieste-autostrada-balcanilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/montenegro-eu-zahlt-china-baut-die-balkan-autobahn\/","title":{"rendered":"Muntenegru: UE pl\u0103te\u0219te, China construie\u0219te autostrada Balcan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii iunie au \u00eenceput lucr\u0103rile preg\u0103titoare pentru al doilea segment al autostr\u0103zii Bar-Boljare \u00een hinterlandul muntenegrin. Proiectul este considerat de ani de zile cel mai costisitor proiect de infrastructur\u0103 al micului stat balcanic. Noutatea de aceast\u0103 dat\u0103 este structura de finan\u021bare: \u00een loc de un credit chinez, institu\u021bii europene asigur\u0103 banii \u00een acest moment, \u00een timp ce construc\u021bia r\u0103m\u00e2ne din nou \u00een m\u00e2inile unui consor\u021biu chinez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De la credit la contract<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Primul segment al autostr\u0103zii Bar-Boljare a fost construit din 2014 de China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC), finan\u021bat printr-un credit al China Exim Bank \u00een valoare de aproximativ 944 milioane de euro. Aceast\u0103 sum\u0103 a contribuit \u00een mod semnificativ la faptul c\u0103 datoria public\u0103 a Muntenegrului a crescut la un moment dat la peste 100 procente din produsul intern brut. \u00cen al doilea segment, distribu\u021bia rolurilor este acum diferit\u0103: Banca European\u0103 pentru Reconstruc\u021bie \u0219i Dezvoltare (BERD) \u0219i Banca European\u0103 de Investi\u021bii (BEI) pun la dispozi\u021bie o mare parte din fonduri, \u00een timp ce CRBC r\u0103m\u00e2ne reprezentat\u0103 ca antreprenor de construc\u021bii \u00een consor\u021biu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un model cu caracter repetitiv<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Constela\u021bii similare se profileaz\u0103, conform China Observers, \u0219i \u00een alte state balkance, de exemplu \u00een proiecte de cale ferat\u0103 \u0219i drumuri \u00een Serbia \u0219i Macedonia de Nord, unde b\u0103ncile europene sau interna\u021bionale de dezvoltare apar din ce \u00een ce mai mult ca furnizori de bani, dar firmele constructoare chineze \u0219i-au p\u0103strat prezen\u021ba tehnic\u0103 \u0219i logistic\u0103 la fa\u021ba locului. Motivul se afl\u0103 \u0219i \u00een experien\u021ba acumulat\u0103: CRBC \u0219i companii comparabile au construit \u00een ultimul deceniu lan\u021buri de aprovizionare locale profunde, parcuri de ma\u0219ini \u0219i structuri de personal \u00een Balcanii de Vest, care pot aduce un avantaj de cost la licita\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 aceasta pentru regiune<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru Muntenegru \u00eensu\u0219i, noul model aduce o sarcin\u0103 de datorii direct\u0103 mai redus\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de Beijing, deoarece b\u0103ncile europene de dezvoltare impun alte condi\u021bii \u0219i cerin\u021be de transparen\u021b\u0103 dec\u00e2t creditele chineze bilaterale. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, implementarea constructiv\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne din punct de vedere tehnologic \u0219i personal \u00een m\u00e2ini chineze, ceea ce perpetueaz\u0103 interconexiunea economic\u0103 dintre China \u0219i Balcanii de Vest la un nivel diferit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Surs\u0103: chinaobservers | <a href=\"https:\/\/chinaobservers.eu\/after-the-loans-the-contracts-remain-chinas-new-balkan-model\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Articolul original<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru Austria \u0219i UE \u00een ansamblu, cazul arat\u0103 cum se transform\u0103 angajamentul economic chinez \u00een vecin\u0103tatea Europei: departe de modelul de credit clasic al Ini\u021biativei Centurii \u0219i Drumului, c\u0103tre un rol de contractant \u00een cadrul proiectelor finan\u021bate european. Aceasta schimb\u0103 dezbaterea politic\u0103 asupra dependen\u021belor, pentru c\u0103 \u00eentrebarea nu mai este doar cine pl\u0103te\u0219te, ci \u0219i cine construie\u0219te \u0219i ce firme locale r\u0103m\u00e2n competitive la astfel de licita\u021bii. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centreprinderile austriece de construc\u021bii, care sunt ele \u00eensele active \u00een afacerile de infrastructur\u0103 din Balcanii de Vest, trebuie s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 aceast\u0103 evolu\u021bie cu interes. Tocmai \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu marele subiect al reconstruc\u021biei din Ucraina, aceast\u0103 evolu\u021bie este foarte interesant\u0103, deoarece \u0219i acolo se a\u0219teapt\u0103 constela\u021bii similare.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La al doilea segment al autostr\u0103zii Bar-Boljare, Europa preia finan\u021barea, dar un consor\u021biu chinez din nou construc\u021bia. Un model care merge dincolo de Muntenegru.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3599,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\nMehr lesen: {url}\n\n{tags}\n#YANUS","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[47,20],"tags":[179,181,182],"class_list":["post-3600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-china-asien","category-wirtschaft","tag-china-road-and-bridge-corporation","tag-ebrd","tag-eib"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pixabay_6578800-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3600"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3601,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3600\/revisions\/3601"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}