{"id":2166,"date":"2026-06-18T17:30:41","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T15:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/?p=2166"},"modified":"2026-07-28T23:44:15","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T21:44:15","slug":"originea-ciumei-descoperiri-noi-deplaseaza-istoria-cu-200-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/pest-ursprung-neue-funde-verschieben-geschichte-um-200-jahre\/","title":{"rendered":"Originea ciumei: descoperiri noi schimb\u0103 istoria cu 200 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"

Viena, 18 iunie 2026 \u2013 O echip\u0103 interna\u021bional\u0103 de cercet\u0103tori a furnizat p\u00e2n\u0103 acum dovada cea mai veche a ciumei \u0219i a deplasat astfel istoria documentat\u0103 a acestei epidemii cu aproximativ 200 de ani \u00een urm\u0103. Descoperirea arat\u0103 c\u0103 bacteriul Yersinia pestis a infectat deja oamenii acum aproximativ 5.500 de ani, mult mai devreme dec\u00e2t se presupunea anterior.<\/p>\n\n

Urm\u0103rire genetic\u0103 \u00een morminte din epoca bronzului<\/h3>\n

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au analizat probe de ADN din r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021bele umane g\u0103site \u00een Asia Central\u0103. Ei au putut izola semn\u0103turile genetice ale agentului ciumei, care indic\u0103 o infec\u021bie activ\u0103 la momentul mor\u021bii. Presupunerea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 anterioar\u0103 data primele cazuri de cium\u0103 la aproximativ 5.300 de ani \u00een urm\u0103. Noile descoperiri schimb\u0103 substan\u021bial aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 \u0219i sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 boala s-ar fi putut r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi deja \u00een neoliticul t\u00e2rziu. Echipa de cercet\u0103tori subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een\u021belegerea istoriei bolilor este central\u0103 pentru clasificarea dezvolt\u0103rii umane.<\/p>\n

Rutele comerciale ca coridoare de epidemii<\/h3>\n

Deosebit de relevant pentru istoria european\u0103 este dimensiunea geografic\u0103 a descoperirilor. Locurile descoperirilor se afl\u0103 de-a lungul rutelor comerciale antice care conectau Asia Central\u0103 cu regiunea M\u0103rii Negre \u0219i \u00een final cu Europa. Ace\u0219ti coridori au servit aparent nu doar schimbului de m\u0103rfuri, ci \u0219i r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii agen\u021bilor patogeni. Ciuma a ajuns \u00een Europa \u00een mod demonstrabil de mai multe ori pe rute din est, cel mai devastator \u00een timpul Mor\u021bii Negre \u00een secolul al XIV-lea, care a distrus aproximativ 30 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 60 la sut\u0103 din popula\u021bia european\u0103. Noile descoperiri sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceste c\u0103i de transmisie sunt mult mai vechi dec\u00e2t documentat anterior.<\/p>\n

Medicina modern\u0103 \u00eempotriva unui du\u0219man ancestral<\/h3>\n

\u00cen ciuda istoriei sale lungi cu omenirea, ciuma nu mai este o cauz\u0103 de deces ast\u0103zi, cel pu\u021bin \u00een locurile unde medicina modern\u0103 este disponibil\u0103. Antibioticele pot trata eficient infec\u021bia dac\u0103 sunt administrate la timp. Cu toate acestea, Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii OMS \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 anual \u00eentre 1.000 \u0219i 2.000 de cazuri de cium\u0103 la nivel mondial, \u00een principal \u00een Madagascar, Republica Democratic\u0103 Congo \u0219i Peru.<\/p>\n

Contextul pentru cititorii austrieci<\/h3>\n

Pentru Austria, aceste descoperiri au \u00een special relevan\u021b\u0103 istoric\u0103. Ciuma a marcat de asemenea istoria na\u021bional\u0103 \u00een mod durabil, Coloanele Ciumei din Viena de pe Graben amintesc p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi de epidemia din 1679, care a costat via\u021ba aproximativ 12.000 de persoane \u00een capital\u0103. Noile rezultate ale cercet\u0103rii din Asia arat\u0103 acum c\u0103 r\u0103d\u0103cinile acestei epidemii se \u00eentind \u0219i mai ad\u00e2nc \u00een istoria omenirii dec\u00e2t se g\u00e2ndea. Pentru cercetarea medical\u0103 din Austria, cum ar fi la Institutul de Igien\u0103 \u0219i Imunologie Aplicat\u0103 al MedUni Wien, asemenea studii paleogenetice furnizeaz\u0103 date pre\u021bioase despre evolu\u021bia agen\u021bilor patogeni. Ultima infec\u021bie cu cium\u0103 raportat\u0103 \u00een Austria se afl\u0103 cu decenii \u00een urm\u0103, dar bacteriul Yersinia pestis a \u00eenso\u021bit omenirea de cel pu\u021bin 55 de secole.<\/p>\n

Surs\u0103: World \u2013 South China Morning Post | Articolul original<\/a><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 descoper\u0103 cel mai vechi focar de cium\u0103 cunoscut acum 5.500 de ani. Descoperirile arunc\u0103 o nou\u0103 lumin\u0103 asupra r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii bolii de-a lungul rutelor comerciale timpurii c\u0103tre Europa.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2165,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\nMehr lesen: {url}\n\n{tags}\n#YANUS","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-china-asien"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/pixabay_7135349.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2166"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3180,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2166\/revisions\/3180"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanus.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}